Skills · Welding

Welding Processes: MIG vs TIG vs Stick vs Flux-Cored

Researched and maintained by a working journeyman. Updated 2026. Always verify current details with your state board.

Which welding processes you know decides what you can build and what you'll earn. Here's the plain breakdown of MIG, TIG, Stick, and Flux-Cored — what each is for, which is easiest, and which ones lead to the biggest paychecks.

The four processes that matter

Welding isn't one skill — it's several, and which processes you know shapes what jobs you can take and what you'll earn. The big four are MIG, TIG, Stick, and Flux-Cored. Most welders learn more than one, but many build a career around being genuinely good at one or two.

The Main Welding Processes

MIG (GMAW)Fast, easy to learn — production/fab
TIG (GTAW)Precise, clean — aerospace/pipe/specialty
Stick (SMAW)Rugged, outdoor — pipeline/structural
Flux-Cored (FCAW)High-deposit — heavy fab/shipbuilding

MIG — the easiest entry point

MIG (Metal Inert Gas) is the most common process and the easiest to learn. A wire feeds automatically, so you can lay good beads quickly. It's the workhorse of manufacturing and fabrication shops. If you're starting out, MIG is usually where you begin — it gets you productive fast.

TIG — the precision money skill

TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) is the hardest to master and one of the best-paying. It's slow, clean, and precise — used on stainless, aluminum, aerospace components, and high-spec pipe. Good TIG welders are always in demand because not everyone can do it well. If you want to earn above the median, TIG is a skill worth grinding on.

Stick & Flux-Cored — the field workhorses

Stick (SMAW) is rugged and works outdoors in wind and dirty conditions, which is why it's everywhere in pipeline and structural work — the high-paying field jobs. Flux-Cored (FCAW) lays down a lot of metal fast and is heavy in shipbuilding and big structural fabrication. Both are core skills for the field welders who chase the biggest paychecks.

Which should you learn?

Start with MIG to get working, then add the process that matches the money you want: TIG for precision/specialty pay, Stick for pipeline and structural field work. The welders who earn the most are the ones who got certified in a high-demand process and got genuinely good at it — not the ones who stayed general.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What's the easiest welding process to learn?
MIG (GMAW) is the easiest to learn because the wire feeds automatically, letting beginners lay good welds quickly. It's the most common process in manufacturing and fabrication, which makes it the usual starting point.
Which welding process pays the most?
TIG welding (for aerospace, specialty, and high-spec pipe) and Stick welding (for pipeline and structural field work) tend to lead to the highest pay, because they're harder to master and in high demand. Pipe welders using these processes can earn well into six figures.
How many welding processes should I learn?
Most welders start with MIG to get working, then add one specialty — TIG for precision pay or Stick for pipeline/structural. Being genuinely good at one or two high-demand processes pays better than being average at all of them.